Question 1

The Hall-Heroult process refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the production of aluminum by electrolysis.
B)   the recovery of sulfur from underground deposits.
C)   the manufacture of sulfuric acid.
D)   the production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases.
E)   the isolation of Al2O3 from bauxite.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

The most common source for commercial production of sodium is called

Accepted Answer

A)   sodalite.
B)   limestone.
C)   halite.
D)   galena.
E)   pyrite.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

The purpose of anodizing aluminum is to remove the oxide layer from the metal's surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Transition elements from the left side of the periodic table are generally found as

Accepted Answer

A)   sulfides because they tend to give up bonding electrons and form crystals with high lattice energies with sulfur.
B)   sulfides because their electronegativities favor formation of covalent bonds with the polarizable sulfide anion.
C)   oxides because they tend to give up bonding electrons and form crystals with high lattice energies with oxygen.
D)   oxides because oxygen, with its high electronegativity, forms strong covalent bonds with them.
E)   the uncombined elements, because they are noble metals.F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 5

When nitrogen undergoes atmospheric fixation, it enters the sea and land in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)   NO.
B)   NO2.
C)   NH3.
D)   NO3-.
E)   NH4+.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

What gas is produced during the Hall-Héroult process for production of aluminum?

Accepted Answer

A)   chlorine, Cl2
B)   oxygen, O2
C)   hydrogen, H2
D)   ammonia, NH3
E)   carbon dioxide, CO2F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

The ______________ process uses a boiling 30% sodium hydroxide solution to treat bauxite.

Accepted Answer

A)   Bayer
B)   Hall-Heroult
C)   Dow
D)   Frasch
E)   HaberF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Pyrometallurgy uses __________________ to separate a metal from its ore.

Accepted Answer

A)   solid phase chemical properties
B)   electrical processes
C)   thermal processes
D)   aqueous chemical processes
E)   explosivesF) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Nitrogen fixation occurs through atmospheric, industrial, and biological processes. Which of these fixes the most nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

A)   biological
B)   atmospheric
C)   industrial
D)   industrial  atmospheric
E)   industrial  biologicalF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Give two important reasons why there is so much more Na+ in the oceans than K+, despite their similar abundances in the earth's crust.

Accepted Answer

Clays bind K⁺ more effectively ...

Question 11

The Frasch process is used to

Accepted Answer

A)   convert aluminum oxide to metallic aluminum.
B)   convert copper ore to copper sulfide.
C)   mine magnesium.
D)   mine elemental sulfur.
E)   produce sodium metal.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Aluminum and magnesium form are light metals which are used in many structural applications. Although they are highly active metals (as their electrode potentials suggest), they can often be used without the use of paint or other applied finishes to protect them against corrosion. How is this possible?

Accepted Answer

Both Al and Mg have strong, adherent, re...

Question 13

The main end use of sulfuric acid is

Accepted Answer

A)   manufacture of iron and steel.
B)   processing of petroleum.
C)   production of fertilizers.
D)   production of explosives.
E)   production of various other chemicals.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

Briefly describe the three main pathways for nitrogen fixation.

Accepted Answer

1. Atmospheric. N₂ and O₂ gases combine di...

Question 15

In the industrial electrolysis of aqueous NaCl (the chlor-alkali process), the modern trend is toward the use of cells incorporating polymer membranes to separate the anode and cathode solutions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Alloying a metal is done to

Accepted Answer

A)   make its extraction from its ore easier.
B)   convert the metal to an oxide.
C)   disguise the true identity of the metal.
D)   prepare ultrapure metal samples.
E)   enhance properties like conductivity.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

The bond energy in the hydrogen molecule (H2) is greater than that of the tritium molecule (T2).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In the commercial production of aluminum metal, the final stage involves the reaction
2Al2O3(in molten Na3AlF6) + 3C(graphite) F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4Al(l) + 3CO2(g)
Briefly outline the method and equipment with which the reaction is accomplished.

Accepted Answer

This is done electrolytically,...

Question 19

What are the main mineral sources of phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A)   phosphides
B)   phosphites
C)   phosphors
D)   phosphates
E)   elemental phosphorusF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

The final step of the purification of copper involves electrorefining in which copper is separated from nickel and iron by being reduced at the cathode of a cell. Why are nickel and iron not reduced?

Accepted Answer

A)   Their reduction potentials are more positive than copper's.
B)   Their reduction potentials are more negative than copper's.
C)   They cannot be deposited on a copper electrode.
D)   Their reduction potentials are more negative than water's.
E)   Their reduction requires large overvoltages.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Exam 22: The Elements in Nature and Industry

The bond energy in the hydrogen molecule (H₂) is greater than that of the tritium molecule (T₂).

Correct Answer
verified

The Frasch process is used to

Correct Answer
verified

What are the main mineral sources of phosphorus?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Both Al and Mg have strong, adherent, re...
View Answer

The Hall-Heroult process refers to

Correct Answer
verified

The ______________ process uses a boiling 30% sodium hydroxide solution to treat bauxite.

Correct Answer
verified

The purpose of anodizing aluminum is to remove the oxide layer from the metal's surface.

Correct Answer
verified

What gas is produced during the Hall-Héroult process for production of aluminum?

Correct Answer
verified

When nitrogen undergoes atmospheric fixation, it enters the sea and land in the form of

Correct Answer
verified

Alloying a metal is done to

Correct Answer
verified

In the industrial electrolysis of aqueous NaCl (the chlor-alkali process), the modern trend is toward the use of cells incorporating polymer membranes to separate the anode and cathode solutions.

Correct Answer
verified

Pyrometallurgy uses __________________ to separate a metal from its ore.

Correct Answer
verified

The most common source for commercial production of sodium is called

Correct Answer
verified

Briefly describe the three main pathways for nitrogen fixation.

Correct Answer
verified
1. Atmospheric. N₂ and O₂ gases combine di...
View Answer

The main end use of sulfuric acid is

Correct Answer
verified

Transition elements from the left side of the periodic table are generally found as

Correct Answer
verified

The final step of the purification of copper involves electrorefining in which copper is separated from nickel and iron by being reduced at the cathode of a cell. Why are nickel and iron not reduced?

Correct Answer
verified

Give two important reasons why there is so much more Na⁺ in the oceans than K⁺, despite their similar abundances in the earth's crust.

Correct Answer
verified
Clays bind K⁺ more effectively ...
View Answer

Nitrogen fixation occurs through atmospheric, industrial, and biological processes. Which of these fixes the most nitrogen?

Correct Answer
verified

In the commercial production of aluminum metal, the final stage involves the reaction 2Al₂O₃(in molten Na₃AlF₆) + 3C(graphite)  4Al(l) + 3CO₂(g) Briefly outline the method and equipment with which the reaction is accomplished.

Correct Answer
verified
This is done electrolytically,...
View Answer

Exam 22: The Elements in Nature and Industry

The bond energy in the hydrogen molecule (H2) is greater than that of the tritium molecule (T2).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Frasch process is used to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the main mineral sources of phosphorus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedBoth Al and Mg have strong, adherent, re...View AnswerShow Answer

The Hall-Heroult process refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ______________ process uses a boiling 30% sodium hydroxide solution to treat bauxite.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The purpose of anodizing aluminum is to remove the oxide layer from the metal's surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What gas is produced during the Hall-Héroult process for production of aluminum?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When nitrogen undergoes atmospheric fixation, it enters the sea and land in the form of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alloying a metal is done to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the industrial electrolysis of aqueous NaCl (the chlor-alkali process), the modern trend is toward the use of cells incorporating polymer membranes to separate the anode and cathode solutions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pyrometallurgy uses __________________ to separate a metal from its ore.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common source for commercial production of sodium is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe the three main pathways for nitrogen fixation.

Correct Answerverified1. Atmospheric. N2 and O2 gases combine di...View AnswerShow Answer

The main end use of sulfuric acid is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transition elements from the left side of the periodic table are generally found as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The final step of the purification of copper involves electrorefining in which copper is separated from nickel and iron by being reduced at the cathode of a cell. Why are nickel and iron not reduced?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Give two important reasons why there is so much more Na+ in the oceans than K+, despite their similar abundances in the earth's crust.

Correct AnswerverifiedClays bind K+ more effectively ...View AnswerShow Answer

Nitrogen fixation occurs through atmospheric, industrial, and biological processes. Which of these fixes the most nitrogen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the commercial production of aluminum metal, the final stage involves the reaction 2Al2O3(in molten Na3AlF6) + 3C(graphite)  4Al(l) + 3CO2(g) Briefly outline the method and equipment with which the reaction is accomplished.

Correct AnswerverifiedThis is done electrolytically,...View AnswerShow Answer

The bond energy in the hydrogen molecule (H₂) is greater than that of the tritium molecule (T₂).

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Both Al and Mg have strong, adherent, re...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
1. Atmospheric. N₂ and O₂ gases combine di...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Give two important reasons why there is so much more Na⁺ in the oceans than K⁺, despite their similar abundances in the earth's crust.

Correct Answer
verified
Clays bind K⁺ more effectively ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

In the commercial production of aluminum metal, the final stage involves the reaction 2Al₂O₃(in molten Na₃AlF₆) + 3C(graphite)  4Al(l) + 3CO₂(g) Briefly outline the method and equipment with which the reaction is accomplished.

Correct Answer
verified
This is done electrolytically,...
View Answer