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Coke was repositioned as a slightly sweeter,less filling soft drink because the Coca-Cola Company discovered that its 1984 market share in supermarkets was 2 percent behind Pepsi.This product repositioning strategy was __________.


A) to reach a new market
B) to catch a rising trend
C) to change the value offered
D) to change its target audience
E) to react to a competitor's position

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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brand name that cannot be spoken is referred to as a __________.


A) label
B) copyright
C) trade name
D) trade mark
E) logo or logotype

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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During the introduction stage of the product life cycle,a(n) __________ pricing strategy may be used.This pricing strategy charges a high initial price to recoup the costs of product development.


A) penetration
B) cost-plus
C) target ROI
D) skimming
E) above-market

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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is the difference between a brand name and a trade name? Give an example of each.

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A brand name is any word,device (design,...

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Gatorade successfully used a__________ strategy when it introduced Gatorade G2.


A) subbranding
B) multibranding
C) mixed branding
D) generic branding
E) family branding

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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concept that describes the stages a product goes through in the marketplace-introduction,growth,maturity,and decline-is referred to as the __________.


A) retail life cycle
B) product life cycle
C) marketing mix
D) product growth cycle
E) diffusion of product innovation

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Private branding refers to a branding strategy in which a firm __________.


A) gives each product a distinct name when each brand is intended for a different market segment
B) uses different brand names for the same product across multiple countries
C) uses one name for all its products in a product class
D) produces products but sell them under the brand name of a wholesaler or retailer
E) contractually, and for a fee, allows other firms to use its brand name, requiring that the product be made to its specifications

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following quotes from a new product adopter would signal the need for a firm to counteract a risk barrier?


A) "It is against my religion."
B) "What if I can't make the monthly payments?"
C) "I don't want to try this if it means I have to swallow it with milk."
D) "Big deal, the only difference is the shape of the package."
E) "Sure I'll try it; why not!"

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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a firm's marketing dashboard displays a BDI over 100 for a consumer packaged good,such as General Mills' Warm Delights Minis,this indicates which of the following?


A) a weak brand position in a segment
B) a strong brand position in a segment
C) above-average product category purchases by a market segment
D) below-average product category purchases by a market segment
E) There is not enough information to make any conclusions.

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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Imagine that Eveready has developed solar rechargeable batteries that cost only slightly more to produce than the rechargeable batteries currently available.These solar batteries can be recharged by sunlight up to 5 times,after which they must be discarded.Unfortunately,the production process cannot be patented,so competitors could enter the market within a year.Which of the following would be the LEAST sound marketing program decision?


A) Select a skimming pricing strategy to position the product as "premium."
B) Seek widespread distribution to gain a foothold in what might be a potentially huge market.
C) Limit production capacity until you are certain consumers will actually want the product.
D) Avoid a connection to the Eveready brand until the product has proven itself.
E) Use multiple brand names to discourage other competitors from entering the market.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Mott's applesauce promotes itself as a low-fat alternative to cooking oil for baked goods.Mott's is __________.


A) finding new users through a product modification strategy
B) increasing use by existing customers through a product modification strategy
C) modifying the product characteristics
D) creating new use situations through a market modification strategy
E) demarketing the product

F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

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Brand licensing refers to __________.


A) the registration fee paid by a manufacturer to states, provinces, or countries in order to sell its products there
B) a branding strategy in which the producer dictates the brand name to retailers for the products sold to their respective markets
C) a branding strategy in which a company uses one name for all of its products
D) a contractual agreement whereby a company allows another firm to use its brand name, patent, trade secret, or other product for a royalty or fee
E) a branding strategy in which manufacturers produce products but sell them under the brand name of a wholesaler or retailer

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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key idea behind diffusion of innovation is that __________.


A) not all consumers accept a new product at the same time; adoption of a product spreads slowly throughout the population
B) once a product enters the market, the time span between awareness and purchase is incredibly short
C) the introduction of an entire new product class almost always diffuses the importance of its predecessor within a matter of months
D) adoption of a new product line does not change the diffusion rate of older lines in the market
E) the rate of adoption is independent of other product form innovations or competitive products in the marketplace

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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a company manufactures a new product with the current brand name to enter a new market segment in its product class,it is using __________.


A) mixed branding
B) brand extension
C) co-branding
D) family branding
E) product line extension

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Mars,Inc.sells Snickers,Milky Way,Twix,Skittles,Dove,Starburst,M&Ms,and Three Musketeer candy.This variety of brand names is typical of a __________ strategy.


A) co-branding
B) multibranding
C) multiproduct
D) mixed brand
E) private branding

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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five criteria are mentioned most often in selecting a good brand name? Give an example of a brand name that illustrates each of the criteria.

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Five criteria most often mentioned when ...

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Managers often use two special indexes to help identify strong and weak market segments in order to provide direction for marketing efforts.The two indexes focus on __________.


A) marketing efficiency and production efficiency
B) dollar market share and unit market share
C) monthly dollar sales by channel and monthly number of units sold by channel
D) sales per square foot and same-store sales growth
E) category development and brand development

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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strategy of harvesting may be employed in the decline stage of a product life to __________.


A) maintain primary demand for a product category
B) acquire as many new customers as possible
C) maintain the ability to meet ongoing customers' requests
D) eliminate all production costs
E) reposition the product

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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concept of the diffusion of innovation shows how a product "diffuses" or spreads through the population over time.The consumer population is divided into five categories of product adopters based on when they adopt (i.e.,first buy) a new product.Each product adopter category has a unique profile.Consumers who have a fear of debt and depend on neighbors and friends as their information sources are called __________.


A) innovators
B) early adopters
C) early majority
D) late majority
E) laggards

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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  Figure 11-3 -product life cycle shown in  D  in Figure 11-3 above is an example of a __________ product. A)  high-learning B)  low-learning C)  fashion D)  fad E)  generalized Figure 11-3 -product life cycle shown in "D" in Figure 11-3 above is an example of a __________ product.


A) high-learning
B) low-learning
C) fashion
D) fad
E) generalized

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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