Question 1

The task of normative ethics is to describe various cultures' moral beliefs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

According to utilitarianism,the morality of a particular action can change over time if the consequences change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What criticisms does virtue ethics make of utilitarianism and Kantian ethics?

Accepted Answer

Virtue ethics criticizes utilitarianism ...

Question 4

According to Kant,every moral rule has its exceptions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Utilitarian ethics would argue that abortion is morally impermissible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Ruth Benedict said that "it is morally good" is synonymous with

Accepted Answer

A)   "it is a socially approved habit."
B)   "it is commanded by God."
C)   "it is my moral duty."
D)   "it is what makes me personally feel good."E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

In his article "Comparing Harms," Alastair Norcross argues that

Accepted Answer

A)   a consequentialist would say that it would be permissible to sacrifice a human life only if it saved a number of lives.
B)   the consequentialist principle of "lives for convenience" shows that consequentialism is immoral.
C)   our society frequently chooses to sacrifice lives for the convenience of the many.
D)   there is no situation in which it would be morally permissible to sacrifice an innocent human life.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Explain the ethical theory of utilitarianism.How did the utilitarianism of Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill differ?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that...

Question 9

According to Kant,the basis of the categorical imperative is

Accepted Answer

A)   God's command.
B)   the need for an orderly society.
C)   rational consistency.
D)   human psychological tendencies.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

According to psychological egoism,unselfish behavior is impossible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

How does Alastair Norcross argue for consequentialism in "Comparing Harms: Headaches and Human Lives"? How might someone criticize his argument?

Accepted Answer

In "Comparing Harms: Headaches and Human...

Question 12

In the reading by James Rachels,he criticizes the cultural differences argument by saying that

Accepted Answer

A)   the premise concerns what people believe,but the conclusion concerns what really is the case.
B)   not everyone accepts the conclusion.
C)   if everyone accepted this argument,it would lead to rampant immorality.
D)   it ignores the fact that cultures differ both in their practices and in their values.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 13

The utilitarian ethics of Bentham and Mill is a version of

Accepted Answer

A)   deontological ethics.
B)   consequentialism.
C)   divine command theory.
D)   virtue ethics.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Nel Noddings's book Caring agrees with Kant that caring for others must be based on a firm sense of moral obligation and not on feelings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

According to your text,you can act in your own self-interest without being selfish.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The utilitarian rejects which one of the following claims of the ethical egoist?

Accepted Answer

A)   The consequences of an action determine if it is right or wrong.
B)   There are objectively correct answers in ethics.
C)   People only have a moral obligation to be concerned about their own self-interest.
D)   It is impossible for an action to be morally obligatory if it makes no one happy.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

In virtue ethics,the primary question in ethics is:

Accepted Answer

A)   What actions are morally right?
B)   What sort of person should I be?
C)   Will the consequences of my action maximize happiness?
D)   Am I acting out of sense of duty?E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Aristotle says that to be a just person,it is not enough to act justly.You must also

Accepted Answer

A)   know what you are doing.
B)   deliberately choose the just action for its own sake.
C)   act on the basis of a firm and unchangeable character.
D)   all of the aboveE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Immanuel Kant said that the only thing in the world that has absolute,unqualified moral value is

Accepted Answer

A)   God.
B)   a good will.
C)   the trait of moderation.
D)   happiness.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

The ancient Greek philosopher who taught virtue ethics was

Accepted Answer

A)   Aristotle.
B)   Protagoras.
C)   Epicurus.
D)   Herodotus.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 5: The Search for Ethical Values

How does Alastair Norcross argue for consequentialism in "Comparing Harms: Headaches and Human Lives"? How might someone criticize his argument?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIIn "Comparing Harms: Headaches and Human...View AnswerShow Answer

Utilitarian ethics would argue that abortion is morally impermissible.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to your text,you can act in your own self-interest without being selfish.

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The ancient Greek philosopher who taught virtue ethics was

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Explain the ethical theory of utilitarianism.How did the utilitarianism of Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill differ?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIUtilitarianism is an ethical theory that...View AnswerShow Answer

In the reading by James Rachels,he criticizes the cultural differences argument by saying that

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According to utilitarianism,the morality of a particular action can change over time if the consequences change.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In his article "Comparing Harms," Alastair Norcross argues that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The utilitarian rejects which one of the following claims of the ethical egoist?

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The task of normative ethics is to describe various cultures' moral beliefs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The utilitarian ethics of Bentham and Mill is a version of

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Ruth Benedict said that "it is morally good" is synonymous with

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What criticisms does virtue ethics make of utilitarianism and Kantian ethics?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIVirtue ethics criticizes utilitarianism ...View AnswerShow Answer

Aristotle says that to be a just person,it is not enough to act justly.You must also

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According to Kant,every moral rule has its exceptions.

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According to Kant,the basis of the categorical imperative is

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Nel Noddings's book Caring agrees with Kant that caring for others must be based on a firm sense of moral obligation and not on feelings.

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In virtue ethics,the primary question in ethics is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Immanuel Kant said that the only thing in the world that has absolute,unqualified moral value is

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According to psychological egoism,unselfish behavior is impossible.

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In "Comparing Harms: Headaches and Human...
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Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that...
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Virtue ethics criticizes utilitarianism ...
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