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The _____ view states that development is the result of an ongoing, bidirectional interchange between heredity and the environment.


A) epigenetic
B) biosocial
C) sociogenetic
D) congenital

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Clark's genotype contains a dominant gene for brown eye color and recessive gene for blue eye color. According to the dominant-recessive gene principle, which of the following phenotypes is most likely to be observed in Clark?


A) black eyes
B) blue eyes
C) grey eyes
D) brown eyes

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Assume that in the case study of the Jim and Jim twins it is found that their similar development trajectories were a result of similar temperament and interests which caused them to seek out similar environments which were compatible and stimulating to them. Which heredity-environment correlation is reflected in this scenario?

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This would reflect the active ...

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Describe the effect of alcohol on pregnancy.

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Heavy drinking by pregnant women can be ...

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Which of the following organs or systems develop FIRST in prenatal development?


A) Visual system
B) Spinal cord
C) Urogenital system
D) Liver

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is a threat to the infant caused by the breech position?


A) Bone malformation
B) Down syndrome
C) Respiratory problems
D) Spina bifida

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Samantha has been diagnosed with _____, which is a glandular dysfunction that interferes with mucus production.


A) cystic fibrosis
B) Huntington's disease
C) PKU
D) Tay-Sachs disease

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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The _____ prevents large molecules like red blood cells and harmful substances, such as most bacteria and maternal wastes, from entering the fetus.


A) umbilical cord
B) placental wall
C) amniotic sheath
D) ectoderm

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The food-scarce environment of our ancestors likely led to humans' propensity to gorge when food is available and to crave high-caloric foods-a trait that might lead to an epidemic of obesity when food is plentiful. This illustrates how:


A) socialization influences the development of behavior and cognitive skills in human beings.
B) evolved mechanisms are not always adaptive in contemporary society.
C) organisms pass on characteristics they had acquired during their lifetime to their offspring.
D) the benefits of evolutionary selection decrease with age.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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The _____ is the outer layer of cells of the blastocyst that later provides nutrition and support for the embryo.


A) ectoderm
B) perineum
C) cytocyst
D) trophoblast

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A complex molecule, with a double helix shape, that contains genetic information.

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DNA (deoxy...

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Which of the following is TRUE of the stages of childbirth?


A) The first stage terminates when the baby completely emerges from the mother's body.
B) Uterine contractions start in the final stage of the birth process.
C) The first stage is the longest of the three birth stages.
D) The first stage of birth is longer for a woman who is having her second or third child.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The _____ is like a bag or an envelope and contains a clear fluid in which the developing embryo floats.


A) placenta
B) umbilical cord
C) amnion
D) cervix

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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_____ genes are those that make the individual more vulnerable to specific diseases or acceleration of aging.


A) Susceptibility
B) Longevity
C) Vulnerability
D) Mutated

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The creation of the fertilized egg takes place in the _____ period of prenatal development.


A) fetal
B) embryonic
C) implantation
D) germinal

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Priscilla just found out she was pregnant and her doctor prescribed a B-complex vitamin that promotes normal prenatal development and reduces the risk of preterm deliveries. Which of the following is the vitamin that Priscilla's doctor has prescribed?


A) Thiamine
B) Riboflavin
C) Pantothenic acid
D) Folic acid

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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The _____ consists of three layers of cells: the endoderm, the mesoderm, and the ectoderm.


A) blastocyst
B) fetus
C) embryo
D) trophoblast

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is a small molecule that would be able to pass through the placental wall?


A) Red blood cells
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Hormones
D) Maternal wastes

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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According to evolutionary developmental psychologists, many evolved psychological mechanisms are _____. That is, the mechanisms apply only to a specific aspect of a person's makeup.


A) domain-specific
B) maladjusted
C) non-operational
D) general purpose devices

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Sylvia is almost nine months pregnant and very close to her delivery date. The doctors have found that she has an active case of genital herpes. Which of the following is the best course of action to prevent Sylvia's baby from contracting the disease?


A) Perform a cesarean section
B) Terminate the pregnancy
C) Deliver the baby through the birth canal
D) Give the baby blood transfusions

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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