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What are the main arguments presented against flexible exchange rates?

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Arguments against flexible exchange rates are that international trade levels will be diminished due to the uncertainty of future currency prices and that the flexible rates would lead to inflation.Proponents of flexible exchange rates have strong counter-arguments to those views.

The balance on goods and services is the same as the balance on the current account.

A) True
B) False

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U.S.imports are considered:


A) a credit or plus item in the U.S. balance of payments.
B) a credit or minus item in the U.S. balance of payments.
C) a debit or plus item in the U.S. balance of payments.
D) a debit or minus item in the U.S. balance of payments.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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An increase in the demand for British pounds might result from:


A) a reduction in the price level in the U.S. relative to Britain.
B) a recession in the U.S. which reduces real output.
C) a decline in interest rates in Britain.
D) a decline in interest rates in the U.S.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The less foreigners demand U.S.products:


A) the more of their currencies they will supply in exchange for U.S. dollars.
B) the more of their currencies they will demand in exchange for U.S. dollars.
C) the less of their currencies they will supply in exchange for U.S. dollars.
D) the less of their currencies they will demand in exchange for U.S. dollars.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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If European incomes rose,European tariffs on U.S.goods decreased,or their tastes for American goods increased,Europeans would demand ____ U.S.goods,leading them to ____ their supply of euros to obtain the added dollars necessary to make those purchases.


A) more; increase.
B) more; decrease.
C) fewer; increase.
D) fewer; decrease.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Fixed exchange rates give countries too much freedom over their monetary policies,thereby threatening higher rates of inflation.

A) True
B) False

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Exhibit 29-1 Exhibit 29-1   Refer to Exhibit 29-1.For Nation Z,the current account balance for the year 2011 equals: A)  -$97 billion. B)  -$96 billion. C)  $96 billion. D)  -$87 billion. Refer to Exhibit 29-1.For Nation Z,the current account balance for the year 2011 equals:


A) -$97 billion.
B) -$96 billion.
C) $96 billion.
D) -$87 billion.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Whenever there is a deficit in the current account,the capital account:


A) will be negative.
B) will be positive.
C) will be zero.
D) could be negative, positive, or zero.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Under a system of flexible exchange rates,a decrease in demand for a nation's currency in the foreign exchange market will:


A) make it less expensive for foreigners to buy the nation's goods.
B) make it more expensive for the nation to import goods.
C) cause the nation's balance on current account to shift toward a deficit.
D) all of the above

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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If real interest rates in the United States rise relative to real interest rates in other countries,other things being equal,


A) the exchange value of the dollar would decline relative to other currencies.
B) the exchange value of the dollar would increase relative to other currencies.
C) there would likely be no effect on the exchange value of the dollar relative to other currencies.
D) there would be an indeterminate effect on the exchange value of the dollar relative to other currencies.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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If a British student pays her way to attend Harvard University,her actions will:


A) create a supply of dollars and a demand for pounds in the foreign currency market.
B) create a supply of pounds and a demand for dollars in the foreign currency market.
C) cause the British pound to appreciate.
D) cause the U.S. dollar to depreciate.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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On January 12,2011,one U.S.dollar was worth 0.78 euros.How many U.S.dollars did it take to buy one euro?


A) 0.78
B) 1.28
C) 1.43
D) 1.70

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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The balance of trade records information about:


A) purchases of U.S. merchandise exports by foreigners.
B) purchases of foreign financial assets by Americans.
C) American purchases of foreign services while traveling abroad.
D) errors and omissions.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following would occur as a result if Europe experienced a lower inflation rate than the U.S.?


A) European products would become more expensive to U.S. consumers.
B) It would decrease the quantity of European goods demanded by Americans.
C) It would decrease the demand for Euros.
D) None of the above would occur.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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If a Japanese pension fund decides to purchase U.S.government bonds,what is the effect in the exchange market?


A) It will increase the supply of U.S. dollars.
B) It will decrease the supply of U.S. dollars.
C) It will increase the demand for U.S. dollars.
D) It will decrease the demand for U.S. dollars.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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C

If the dollar appreciates,it can be said that:


A) foreigners respect the United States more.
B) other currencies depreciate.
C) it increases in value within the United States.
D) other currencies also appreciate.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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B

Can the U.S.dollar and the euro both appreciate relative to each other?


A) Yes, both countries can gain in this manner.
B) Yes, provided the central banks agree to permit it.
C) No, if one currency appreciates relative to another, the other depreciates.
D) No, the citizens of the countries would not agree to it.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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If more French tourists visit the Grand Canyon,what is the effect in the exchange market?


A) It will increase the supply of U.S. dollars.
B) It will decrease the supply of U.S. dollars.
C) It will increase the demand for U.S. dollars.
D) It will decrease the demand for U.S. dollars.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Sweden's currency would tend to depreciate if:


A) Sweden's inflation rate rises relative to inflation in the rest of the world.
B) the demand for imports by Swedes increases.
C) real interest rates in Sweden decrease relative to the rest of the world.
D) all of the above

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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