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Exam 14: Cardiovascular Physiology

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Question 41

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Put these phases of the cardiac cycle in the correct order. 1) opening of the semilunar valves 2) isovolumic contraction 3) beginning of atrial systole 4) closure of the AV valves 5) completion of ventricular filling 6) beginning of ventricular systole 7) ventricular relaxation 8) ventricular ejection

A) 4, 5, 1, 2, 7, 8, 3, 6
B) 3, 2, 6, 1, 4, 5, 8, 7
C) 3, 5, 6, 4, 2, 1, 8, 7
D) 3, 5, 6, 1, 8, 4, 2, 7
E) 3, 2, 6, 4, 5, 8, 7, 1

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Question 42

Multiple Choice

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The term myogenic indicates that the heart muscle is the source of

A) the contractile force for pumping.
B) a hormone that indirectly regulates blood volume.
C) the electrical signal that triggers heart contraction.
D) receptors that trigger blood pressure reflexes.
E) stem cells that repair damaged heart tissue.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Question 43

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If the stroke volume of the left ventricle is 65 mL/beat and the stroke volume of the right ventricle is 68 mL/beat,what will happen to the relative distribution of blood in the systemic and pulmonary circulation after 15 beats?

The amount of blood returning to the heart is the ________.

The most proximal arteries to branch from the aorta are the ________.

The function of the pericardial fluid is to

Discuss the attachments between adjacent cardiac muscle cells.What features are important anatomically and physiologically? Is there a disadvantage to this arrangement?

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described. -You suck milk through a 6-inch straw and through a 10-inch straw; the diameters are identical.Resistance is ________ in the 10-inch straw compared to the 6-inch straw.

Each of the following changes will result in increased blood flow to a tissue except one.Identify the exception.

The duration of the action potential is ________ in contractile myocardium,________ in autorhythmic contractile,and ________ in skeletal muscle.

Atrial contraction

The depolarization of the pacemaker action potential spreads to adjacent cells through

Atropine inhibits parasympathetic activity.Discuss the effects of atropine on the heart and describe common expected side effects.

Which of the following statements about hydrostatic pressure is NOT true?

The ________ are calcium channels in cardiac contractile cells.Opening them causes ________.

Narrowing of the opening of a heart valve is referred to as ________.

The chambers of the heart that pump blood into the arteries are the ________.

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described. -If total cross-sectional area of blood vessels in an organ increases,what happens to velocity of blood through that organ?

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described. -Blood pressure decreases during sleep.How does this affect velocity?

Explain what a portal system is and give an example.How is a portal system different from the typical arrangement of vessels?