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Describe how government is involved in creating a monopoly.Why might the government create one? Give an example.

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The government can create a monopoly by ...

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To maximize total surplus with a monopoly firm,a benevolent social planner would


A) choose the level of output where MR = MC.
B) choose the level of output where MR intersects the demand curve.
C) choose the level of output where MC intersects the demand curve.
D) allow the free market system to determine the level of output.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Figure 15-5 Figure 15-5   -Refer to Figure 15-5.At the profit-maximizing level of output, A)  marginal revenue is equal to P3. B)  marginal cost is equal to P3. C)  average revenue is equal to P4. D)  average total cost is equal to P0. -Refer to Figure 15-5.At the profit-maximizing level of output,


A) marginal revenue is equal to P3.
B) marginal cost is equal to P3.
C) average revenue is equal to P4.
D) average total cost is equal to P0.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The following table provides information on the price,quantity,and average cost for a monopoly.At what price will the firm maximize its profit? The following table provides information on the price,quantity,and average cost for a monopoly.At what price will the firm maximize its profit?   A)  $1 B)  $2 C)  $3 D)  $4


A) $1
B) $2
C) $3
D) $4

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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When a monopolist is able to sell its product at different prices,it is engaging in


A) distribution pricing.
B) quality-adjusted pricing.
C) price differentiation.
D) price discrimination.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is the preferred strategy for the government to follow to remedy the inefficient allocation of resources associated with monopolies?


A) preventing mergers through antitrust laws
B) regulating the prices that monopolies can charge
C) do nothing
D) None of the above strategies is preferred.Each is a viable strategy.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Declining average total cost with increased production is one of the defining characteristics of a natural monopoly.

A) True
B) False

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When the government creates a monopoly,the social loss may include


A) declining marginal costs.
B) the cost of lawyers and lobbyists hired to convince lawmakers to continue the monopoly.
C) excessive monopoly profits.
D) diminishing marginal revenue.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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One problem with government operation of monopolies is that


A) a benevolent government is likely to be interested in generating profits for political gain.
B) monopolies typically have rising average costs.
C) the government typically has little incentive to reduce costs.
D) a government-regulated outcome will increase the profitability of the monopoly.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Scenario 15-6 An airline knows that there are two types of travelers: business travelers and vacationers.For a particular flight,there are 100 business travelers who will pay $600 for a ticket while there are 50 vacationers who will pay $300 for a ticket.There are 150 seats available on the plane.Suppose the cost to the airline of providing the flight is $20,000,which includes the cost of the pilots,flight attendants,fuel,etc. -Refer to Scenario 15-6.How much profit will the airline earn if it engages in price discrimination?


A) -$5,000
B) $40,000
C) $55,000
D) $75,000

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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A monopolist maximizes profit by producing an output level where marginal cost equals price.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements is correct for both a monopolist and a perfectly competitive firm? Which of the following statements is correct for both a monopolist and a perfectly competitive firm?   A)  i) ,iii) ,and iv) only B)  i) and iv) only C)  i) ,ii) ,and iv) only D)  i) ,ii) ,iii) ,and iv)


A) i) ,iii) ,and iv) only
B) i) and iv) only
C) i) ,ii) ,and iv) only
D) i) ,ii) ,iii) ,and iv)

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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What do economists call the business practice of selling the same good at difference prices to different customers?


A) price discrimination
B) collusion
C) compensating differential
D) Both a and b are correct

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Figure 15-6 Figure 15-6   -Refer to Figure 15-6.A benevolent social planner would have the monopoly operate at an output level A)  less than Q0. B)  greater than Q0. C)  equal to Q0. D)  equal to zero. -Refer to Figure 15-6.A benevolent social planner would have the monopoly operate at an output level


A) less than Q0.
B) greater than Q0.
C) equal to Q0.
D) equal to zero.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Price discrimination


A) forces monopolies to charge a lower price as a result of government regulation.
B) is an attempt by a monopoly to prevent some customers from purchasing its product by charging a high price.
C) is an attempt by a monopoly to increases its profit by selling the same good to different customers at different prices.
D) increases the consumer surplus associated with a monopolistic market.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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When an industry is a natural monopoly,


A) it is characterized by constant returns to scale.
B) it is characterized by diseconomies of scale.
C) a larger number of firms may lead to a lower average cost.
D) a larger number of firms will lead to a higher average cost.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Table 15-5 Table 15-5    -Refer to Table 15-5.If the monopolist faces a constant marginal cost of $4,how much output should the firm produce? A)  3 units B)  4 units C)  5 units D)  6 units -Refer to Table 15-5.If the monopolist faces a constant marginal cost of $4,how much output should the firm produce?


A) 3 units
B) 4 units
C) 5 units
D) 6 units

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The supply curve for the monopolist


A) is horizontal.
B) is vertical.
C) is upward sloping.
D) does not exist.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Table 15-6 Dreher's Designer Shirt Company,a monopolist,has the following cost and revenue information.Assume that Dreher's is able to engage in perfect price discrimination. Table 15-6 Dreher's Designer Shirt Company,a monopolist,has the following cost and revenue information.Assume that Dreher's is able to engage in perfect price discrimination.    -Refer to Table 15-6.If the monopolist can engage in perfect price discrimination,what is total profit at the profit-maximizing quantity? A)  $325 B)  $435 C)  $565 D)  $1000 -Refer to Table 15-6.If the monopolist can engage in perfect price discrimination,what is total profit at the profit-maximizing quantity?


A) $325
B) $435
C) $565
D) $1000

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Perfect price discrimination


A) increases profits to the firm.
B) increases total surplus.
C) decreases consumer surplus.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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