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Exam 18: Landscape Ecology

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Question 1

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The ________ mosaic view of the landscape considers landscapes as composed of multiple patches or communities, each in a different phase of successional development due to disturbances.

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Question 2

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Habitat corridors have two roles: providing a unique habitat for some plant and animal species and providing a means of dispersal between larger patches of habitat.

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The variety and density of life is usually greatest in and around habitat edges.

Borders between patches that result from natural disturbances usually do not change over time.

The ________ effect refers to the rich diversity of life that occurs along the border between adjacent habitat patches, represented by species from both adjacent patches and species adapted to edge habitats.

Large habitat patches typically contain more species than smaller habitat patches.

As a patch increases in size, the ratio of interior to edge increases.

In the theory of island biogeography, species diversity on an island is determined by the ________ of an island, as well as its distance from the mainland.

The study of the causes and ecological consequences of spatial patterns on the landscape is called ________.

The community surrounding a patch is its

Discuss the differences in diversity between large and small habitat patches. What are the reasons for these differences?

Fire is a human-caused disturbance that is not a natural part of ecosystems.

The impact of a disturbance is determined by its

Species that are adapted to living at the borders of patches of habitat are called ________ species.

Give two examples of disturbance, and explain how disturbance can alter a community.

Patch size is generally more important for plant populations than for animal populations.

A relatively wide area that forms a gradual zone of transition between two adjoining patches is called a(n)

According to the theory of island biogeography, the islands with the most species will be

Ongoing ________ generates a mosaic of smaller, isolated patches of different habitats.

The theory of island biogeography predicts that large islands have more species than smaller islands.