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The most common symptom associated with angina is


A) tightness or pressure in the chest.
B) nausea.
C) pain or numbness in the shoulder or in the arm.
D) shortness of breath.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Most deaths from heart attacks occur within ___________ from the onset of symptoms.


A) 30 minutes
B) 1 hour
C) 2 hours
D) 3 hours

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Diabetics also have higher rates of all the following, EXCEPT:


A) hypertension.
B) obesity.
C) atherosclerosis.
D) dermatitis.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Essential hypertension is responsible for what percentage of hypertension cases?


A) 10%
B) 35%
C) 65%
D) 90%

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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High blood pressure is a health risk when it is


A) high most of the time.
B) the product of emotional excitement.
C) the product of exercise.
D) the product of sexual excitement.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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A stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is cut off.

A) True
B) False

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What is thought to be the closest thing we have to a magic bullet against heart disease?


A) red wine
B) weight loss
C) exercise
D) aspirin

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Abdominal obesity is defined as having a waist circumference greater than _____ centimetres in men.


A) 88
B) 95
C) 102
D) 110

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following does NOT raise triglyceride levels?


A) excess body fat
B) very low carbohydrate diet
C) cigarette smoking
D) physical inactivity

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The LDL particle size that poses the greatest risk for CVD is


A) pattern A.
B) pattern B.
C) pattern C.
D) pattern D.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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TIAs (transient ischemic attacks)


A) produce permanent paralysis.
B) are also known as mini-strokes.
C) usually occur after a major stroke.
D) require bed rest following an attack.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The most common cause of sudden death among athletes younger than 35 is


A) myocardial infarction.
B) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
C) stroke.
D) aneurysm.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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The large artery that receives blood from the left ventricle and distributes it to the rest of the body is called the


A) aorta.
B) vena cava.
C) pulmonary artery.
D) pulmonary vein.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following is associated with metabolic syndrome?


A) high HDL
B) insulin resistance
C) low blood pressure
D) low triglycerides

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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High LDL levels and low HDL levels lower the risk of heart disease.

A) True
B) False

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All the following may result from a stroke, EXCEPT:


A) memory loss.
B) diabetes.
C) language deficits.
D) paralysis.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Sudden cardiac death most often occurs because of


A) low blood pressure.
B) blocked cerebral arteries.
C) arrhythmia.
D) coronary thrombosis.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What percentage of Canadians are unaware that they have high blood pressure?


A) 17
B) 27
C) 37
D) 47

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which one of the following factors is not associated with elevated levels of homocysteine?


A) being female
B) low intake of vitamin B-12
C) low intake of vitamin B-6
D) low intake of folic acid

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which one of the following blood pressure readings would be considered optimal for a young adult?


A) 110/70
B) 120/88
C) 135/92
D) 144/90

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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