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Which of the following is a reason for the decrease in height with age advancement?


A) brittleness of bones of the limbs
B) increase in weight
C) a stooping posture
D) bone loss in the vertebrae

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Name the term given to age-related loss of muscle mass and strength.

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According to studies, which of the following is one of the most common sexual problems of older men?


A) premature ejaculation
B) partner non-cooperation
C) lack of foreplay
D) lubrication difficulties

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Many experts on middle adulthood describe the age period of 55 to 65 as


A) late adulthood.
B) early midlife.
C) late midlife.
D) early adulthood.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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What are the leading causes of death in middle adulthood?

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In middle age, many deaths are caused by...

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Compared with earlier and later periods, middle age is influenced most by ________ and biological factors.


A) sociocultural
B) humanistic
C) psychodynamic
D) neurological

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following statements is true of the Seattle Longitudinal Study?


A) It involves extensive evaluation of sexual abilities during adulthood.
B) It was initiated by John Horn.
C) Participants have been assessed in 2-year intervals since 1985.
D) New waves of participants are added periodically.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Questions such as, "To which age group do you belong?" and "How old do you feel?" reflect the concept of


A) mental age.
B) age identity.
C) chronological age.
D) age stereotype.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Sandra is turning 50 this year. At this age, she can expect certain age-related conditions, such as loss of strength in her legs and back and difficulty in viewing objects and hearing clearly, to affect her. Of the vision-related issues that affect individuals, which of the following is Sandra most likely to experience because of her age?


A) difficulty in viewing moving objects
B) difficulty in viewing bright objects
C) difficulty in viewing close objects
D) difficulty in viewing complicated patterns

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is a consistent finding regarding age identity?


A) As adults become older, their age identity is younger than their chronological age.
B) Most adults feel that their age identity is five years more than their chronological age.
C) The age identity of adults is directly proportional to their chronological age.
D) Most adults feel that their age identity is much older than their chronological age.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is most likely a factor that is associated with erectile problems in middle-aged men?


A) smoking
B) moderate exercises
C) excessive sexual activity
D) high testosterone levels

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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A longitudinal study of individuals from their early 30s through their late 60s/early 70s showed that


A) a significant increase in spirituality occurred between late middle and late adulthood.
B) spirituality peaked in late middle adulthood.
C) there was no significant change in spirituality from late middle to late adulthood.
D) a dramatic decrease in spirituality occurred between late middle and late adulthood.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements is true of mortality rates in the United States and the world?


A) The least number of deaths in the 20th century were due to infectious diseases.
B) The rates of chronic disorders have decreased and the rate of infectious diseases have increased.
C) In old age, many deaths are caused by a single, readily identifiable condition.
D) Men usually have higher mortality rates than women for all of the leading causes of death.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Vanessa was never prescribed glasses as a child as she did not have any vision problem. Now, at the age of 45 years, which of the following tasks is most likely to cause her difficulty?


A) reading a newspaper
B) watching TV
C) looking at a turn signal indicator on a vehicle
D) reading a road sign during the day

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following statements is true of changes in weight in middle age?


A) A recent study revealed that decrease in weight from early adulthood to middle adulthood was linked to an increased risk of major chronic diseases and unhealthy aging.
B) A large-scale study found that being overweight or obese in middle age decreases an individual's risk of dying earlier.
C) On average, body fat accounts for about 20 percent or more of body weight in middle age.
D) Individuals who were obese at age 50 had a 20 to 40 percent higher risk of earlier death, whereas those who were overweight at age 50 had a 100 to 200 percent higher risk of premature death.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Describe the changes that occur in late midlife when compared with early midlife.

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Compared with earlier midlife, late midl...

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According to the Seattle Longitudinal Study of individuals aged 25 to 95, which of the following abilities showed the least decline with age?


A) verbal comprehension
B) spatial orientation
C) inductive reasoning
D) numerical abilities

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is typical of the health condition during early and late middle age?


A) Frequency of accidents increases.
B) Susceptibility to colds and allergies decreases.
C) Wakeful periods during sleep decrease.
D) Incidence of chronic disorders decreases.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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________ refers to the ability to encode and recall meaningful language units, such as a list of words.


A) Spatial orientation
B) Inductive reasoning
C) Implicit memory
D) Verbal memory

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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John Horn maintains that in middle adulthood, ________ intelligence continues to increase.


A) fluid
B) semantic
C) crystallized
D) multiple

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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