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Müllerian and Batesian mimicries differ from one another because


A) in Müllerian mimicry, the mimic is actually harmless.
B) in Müllerian mimicry, the model is actually harmless.
C) Müllerian mimicry is a form of comimicry.
D) Müllerian mimicry is a form of camouflage.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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PAR is an acronym for photosynthetically active ________.

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How are C4 plants and CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism) plants similar?


A) They both open their stomata at night.
B) They both initially fix carbon into a four carbon molecule.
C) They both use more water to fix carbon into an organic compound than C3 plants.
D) They both have bundle sheath cells.
E) Both carbon fixation and PGA production occurs in mesophyll cells.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Nitrifying bacteria, Nitrosomonas, and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria


A) are both heterotrophs.
B) are both chemoautotrophs.
C) are both parasitic.
D) use reduction as an energy yielding process.
E) All of the choices are correct.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Cyanide and nitrates are residual contaminants left over from extracting gold. What was added to the environment to help bacteria remove these so they are not pollutants?


A) Nitrogen
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Ammonia
D) Sucrose

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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What organisms use inorganic sources of both carbon and energy to synthesize organic compounds?


A) Photosynthesizers
B) Chemosynthesizers
C) Autotrophs
D) Both photosynthesizers and chemosynthesizers
E) Photosynthesizers, chemosynthesizers, and autotrophs

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following is not considered a form of plant defense?


A) Silica
B) Thorns
C) Cellulose
D) Phenolic compounds
E) All the choices mentioned are plant defenses.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Organisms which synthesize organic compounds using CO2 as a carbon source and inorganic chemicals as an energy source are


A) chemosynthetic heterotrophs.
B) chemosynthetic autotrophs.
C) photosynthetic autotrophs.
D) photosynthetic heterotrophs.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Dead leaves contain half as much nitrogen compared to live leaves.

A) True
B) False

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In general, among solitary predators, ________ is/are most often the determining factor in prey selection.


A) age
B) speed
C) numbers
D) health
E) size

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Werner and Mittelbach studied bluegill sunfish feeding habits and found which of the following to be true?


A) The optimal foraging theory is not supported in natural bluegill populations.
B) The optimal diet of bluegills matched the optimal foraging theory.
C) They concluded that there is no connection between optimal foraging and what animals actually eat in the wild.
D) They established that bluegills will only eat one size of insect in all habitats.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Transpiration rates are highest in ________ plants.


A) C3
B) C4
C) CAM
D) C4 and CAM
E) C3, C4, and CAM

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Which kingdom has the higher carbon to nitrogen ratios?


A) Fungi
B) Animalia
C) Monera
D) Plantae
E) Protista

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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