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Which of the following statements concerning psychiatrists is false?


A) psychiatrists specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders
B) psychiatrists typically devote less of their time to relatively serious disorders than clinical psychologists
C) psychiatrists frequently emphasize biomedical therapy
D) psychiatrists are physicians and have a medical degree

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The use of varied combinations of verbal interventions and behavioral modification techniques to help clients change maladaptive patterns of thinking BEST describes


A) group therapy treatments.
B) cognitive-behavioral treatments.
C) biomedical treatments.
D) insight treatments.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Social skills training is a therapy designed to


A) create a negative response to a stimulus that has elicited problematic behavior.
B) correct habitual thinking errors and maladaptive beliefs.
C) reduce phobic responses.
D) improve interpersonal skills.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Aversion therapy would be MOST appropriate for a client wanting to


A) decrease negative thoughts.
B) overcome an elevator phobia.
C) overcome social anxiety.
D) quit smoking.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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An important goal of client-centered therapy is to


A) help clients realize they don't have to worry constantly about approval from others.
B) help clients achieve a greater understanding of how long-repressed childhood conflicts can affect their adult behavior.
C) change the ways clients think.
D) modify clients' maladaptive behavior patterns.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Michelle has been having a recurring dream for the past four months, and during a session with her psychotherapist, the therapist proposed one possible explanation that might give meaning to the images in Michelle's dream. In providing an explanation for the meaning of the dream, the therapist is engaged in


A) interpretation.
B) transference.
C) clarification.
D) free association.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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When Cary was eight years old, she was startled and began to cry when a car backfired just as she was walking under a ladder. As an adult, Cary is still terrified of ladders. Based on principles of classical conditioning, the sound of the car backfiring


A) acted as a conditioned stimulus.
B) produced transference.
C) resulted in counterconditioning.
D) acted as an unconditioned stimulus.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Carolyn worked for the same company for twelve years. Six months ago the company closed down. Carolyn had been feeling extremely depressed over the loss of her job, and she had considered seeing a therapist for help with her depression. However, for the past week she has been feeling much better, and has decided that she doesn't need professional treatment after all. In this case, Carolyn appears to have experienced


A) spontaneous remission.
B) personal insight.
C) the placebo effect.
D) transference.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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The idea that you can't be profoundly relaxed and fearful at the same time is basic to


A) behavior modification.
B) systematic desensitization.
C) successive goal approximations.
D) psychodynamic activation.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Clients play a major role in determining the pace and direction of their therapy and work together with their therapist as equals in ____ therapy.


A) client-centered
B) cognitive
C) systematic desensitization
D) psychoanalysis

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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In free association,


A) clients relate the events of their dreams as they remember them.
B) clients are restricted to talking about their sexual conflicts only.
C) clients spontaneously express their thoughts and feelings exactly as they occur.
D) therapists openly express their interpretations of clients' thoughts and feelings.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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No matter what Sam tells his therapist concerning his failures or successes, weaknesses or strengths, spiteful behaviors or good deeds, vengeful feelings or positive emotions, his therapist is very accepting of him as a person. Sam's therapist is showing him


A) unconditional positive regard.
B) genuineness.
C) empathy.
D) transference.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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When Yayoi was only six years, old her older brother hid in her closet, then unexpectedly jumped out and grabbed her when she came into her dark bedroom. This terrified Yayoi, and even though she is now 25, she is still frightened in dark places. Based on principles of classical conditioning, being grabbed unexpectedly by her brother


A) acted as a conditioned stimulus.
B) acted as an unconditioned stimulus.
C) produced transference.
D) resulted in counterconditioning.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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The principles of classical and operant conditioning and observational learning are used by


A) psychoanalysts.
B) biomedical therapists.
C) behavior therapists.
D) client-centered therapists.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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A critical component associated with social skills training is


A) transference.
B) behavioral rehearsal.
C) biofeedback.
D) classical conditioning.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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A severe side effect associated with ____ drugs is ____, which is a neurological disorder marked by involuntary writhing and tic-like movements.


A) antidepressant; Parkinson's disease
B) antidepressant; tardive dyskinesia
C) antipsychotic; Parkinson's disease
D) antipsychotic; tardive dyskinesia

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Psychoanalysts use ____ to help clients gain insight regarding the unconscious meaning of their free associations and dreams.


A) modeling
B) interpretation
C) transference
D) empathy

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The use of verbal interactions between the client and therapist designed to enhance the client's self-knowledge and thus promote healthful changes in personality and behavior BEST describes


A) behavior therapies.
B) cognitive-behavioral therapies.
C) insight therapies.
D) biomedical therapies.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Antipsychotic drugs typically do all of the following EXCEPT


A) reduce hyperactivity.
B) reduce delusions.
C) increase mental confusion.
D) decrease activity at dopamine synapses.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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In comparison to traditional antipsychotic drugs, atypical antipsychotic drugs are


A) more effective in treating schizophrenia but have more unpleasant side effects.
B) less effective in treating schizophrenia but have fewer unpleasant side effects.
C) equally as effective in treating schizophrenia and have fewer unpleasant side effects.
D) less effective in treating schizophrenia and have more unpleasant side effects.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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